This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Caulkins, J. P. Articles by Ahn, S.-H. Search for Related Content

Can Difficult-to-Reuse Syringes Reduce the Spread of HIV Among Injection Drug Users?

Carnegie Mellon University, Heinz School, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-3890
Yale School of Management, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8200
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, California 94105
5612 Maryland, #2, Chicago, Illinois 60637
RAND, PO Box 2138, Santa Monica, California 90407-2138

Sharing of syringes by injection drug users is a principal means by which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is spread. Some have suggested that distributing syringes that are difficult to reuse (DTR) would slow the spread of HIV. We developed a simple mathematical model that describes how changes in the numbers of DTR syringes or regular syringes consumed over the course of a fixed number of injections affects the proportion of injections that are potentially infectious and, thus, the transmission of HIV. It suggests that increasing consumption of either type of syringe will reduce the proportion of potentially infectious injections, but that, per syringe added, the reduction is always greater if a regular rather than a DTR syringe is added. Similarly, introducing a certain number of DTR syringes and simultaneously reducing the consumption of regular syringes by the same number will increase, not decrease, the proportion of infectious injections. DTR syringes are more expensive than regular syringes, so there is little justification for substituting them for regular syringes.

Key Words: health care; epidemiology; probability; Markov processes

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. S. Zaric, M. L. Brandeau, and P. G. Barnett Methadone Maintenance and HIV Prevention: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Management Science, August 1, 2000; 46(8): 1013 - 1031. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. G. Kahn, M. L. Brandeau, and J. Dunn-Mortimer OR Modeling and AIDS Policy: From Theory to Practice Interfaces, May 1, 1998; 28(3): 3 - 22. [Abstract] [PDF]